Cell phone jammers sale | gps jammers sale by state illinois

By Ruizhi Chen, Heidi Kuusniemi, Yuwei Chen, Ling Pei, Wei Chen, Jingbin Liu, Helena Leppäkoski, Jarmo Takala Currently, no single technology, system, or sensor can provide a positioning solution any time, anywhere. The key is to utilize multiple technologies. We are now exploring a multi-sensor multi-network (MSMN) approach for a seamless indoor-outdoor solution. Its hardware platform is described in the previous article. The digital signal processor (DSP) is embedded in the GPS module. All sensors are integrated to the DSP that hosts core software for real-time sensor data acquisition and real-time processing to estimate user location. A smartphone handset provides wireless network measurements. Positioning Algorithms The multi-sensor positioning platform enables a positioning solution with a combination of GPS and reduced inertial navigation system (INS), or GPS and pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR). The reduced INS consists of a 3D accelerometer and a 2D digital compass, as a low-cost alternative to augment GNSS positioning. The reduced INS combined with GPS uses a loosely coupled Kalman filter for data integration, while the combination of PDR and GPS uses algorithms for estimating the position change with pedestrian step-length estimation. PDR. The PDR solution uses human physiological characteristics, implemented in a local-level frame, with equations: where k denotes the current epoch, Y is the coordinate in East direction, X is the coordinate in North direction, S is step length, and φ is the heading. The PDR positioning algorithm includes step detection, step length estimation, determination of heading, and positioning. To achieve an accurate heading, compass measurements are corrected with an empirical online estimated error model, which requires some training data. WLAN and Bluetooth. Figure 1 describes the basic concept of the WLAN or Bluetooth locating solution using a fingerprint database approach. The circles around the access point (AP) in the figure represent the radio coverage area and the color the signal strength. This radio map is a simplified example representing measurements from just one AP. FIGURE 1. Sample WLAN or Bluetooth fingerprint map, in meters. For the fingerprinting approach, the received signal strength indicators (RSSIs) are the basic observables. The whole process consists of a training phase and a positioning phase. During the training phase, a radio map of probability distribution of the received signal strength is constructed for the targeted area. The targeted area is divided into a matrix of grids, and the central point of each grid is referred to as a reference point. The probability distribution of the received signal strength at each reference point is represented by a Weibull function, and the parameters of the Weibull function are estimated with the limited number of training observation samples. Based on the constructed radio map, the positioning phase determines the current location using the measured RSSI observations in real time. Given the observation vector , the problem is to find the most probable location (l) with the maximized conditional probability , maximized by Bayesian theorem as: We applied an assumption of Hidden Markov Models (HMM) to represent the pedestrian movement process. The locating problem is then translated into finding such a state sequence (locations) that is most likely to have generated the output sequence (the measured RSSIs) assuming the given HMM model. The Viterbi algorithm typically solves these kinds of problems efficiently. This study also utilizes the Viterbi algorithm to trace the user trajectory. MSMN. The general integration scheme combining the GPS output, sensor measurements, WLAN, or Bluetooth output, and their variance estimates is depicted in Figure 2. A simplified representation of the central filter combining different input sources can be described with typical Kalman filter equations. The measurement model is zk= Hkxk+vk where the state estimate vector is , with X, Y, and φ as previously defined, and S the user horizontal velocity (speed). The measurement vector is given as where g refers to GPS, W to WLAN/Bluetooth, acc to accelerometer, and dc to digital compass. The matrix Hk is the design matrix of the system and the vector vk is the measurement error vector. FIGURE  2. Integration scheme for multi-sensor, multi-network positioning approach The recursive sequence includes prediction and update steps. The prediction step includes the typical equations of and while the update step includes Indoor Test Results A field test has been carried out on a sports field, described in the accompanying article (see Going 3D). An indoor test was carried out in an office-building corridor, but the test started and ended in an outdoor terrace area. During the test, the indoor corridor was covered with eight WLAN and three BT APs. Figure 3 shows the positioning results of the GPS-only (red), Bluetooth-only (black), and WLAN-only (magenta) solutions; Figure 4 shows that of the integrated multi-sensor multi-network (MSMN) solution (blue) for an outdoor-indoor-outdoor test. A reference trajectory is in green in both figures and building outlines in grey. The position update rate achievable by the WLAN and Bluetooth fingerprinting approach is only 0.1 Hz whereas the GPS-only and the integrated MSMN solutions are obtained every second and thus have a higher availability. FIGURE  3. Pedestrian test results with GPS-only, BT-only, and WLAN-only positioning approaches with respect to a reference trajectory FIGURE 4. Pedestrian test result with the multi-sensor multi-network positioning approach with respect to a reference trajectory Figure 5 shows the horizontal errors obtained with the different positioning solutions over time in the indoor test. A mean horizontal error of 2.2 meters was achieved with the WLAN solution. The Bluetooth solution is not as accurate as the WLAN solution, due to the smaller amount of BT APs; it achieved a mean horizontal error of 5.1 meters. When moving inside the corridor, the GPS solutions are used for the MSMN integration only with very low weights due to their poor quality. GPS is mainly used as a source of location outdoors where the test starts and ends. The mean horizontal error of the GPS-only solutions during the whole test is 8.4 meters. WLAN- and Bluetooth-derived locations and the self-contained sensors are the main sources used inside the building for the MSMN positioning solution: the mean horizontal accuracy o btained with MSMN is 2.7 meters with a solution availability of 1 Hz. FIGURE 5. Horizontal errors of GPS-only, BT-only, WLAN-only and the MSMN positioning approaches with respect to time in the pedestrian indoor test The MSMN solution obviously performs much better than a GPS-only solution indoors. The track of the pedestrian walking inside the corridor can be identified clearly, which is not the case with typical approaches of GPS-only or GPS/low-cost sensors. WLAN fingerprinting provides good position accuracy indoors, but the MSMN solution provides the best result when taking into account positioning accuracy and the solution availabilities in both time and space domains. Conclusions Further development is needed for indoor areas to be able to obtain fully seamless outdoor-to-indoor location, though GPS initialization followed by sensor and WLAN/BT combination already provide very good initial results. Additional sensors and more refined pedestrian-specific algorithms will be added to further improve the positioning accuracy.

cell phone jammers sale

Sony ac-l15a ac adapter 8.4vdc 1.5a power supply charger,dell ha65ns1-00 ac adapter 19.5vdc 3.34a 65w used 5.1x7.3x12.5mm,ak ii a15d3-05mp ac adapter 5vdc 3a 2.5x5.5 mm power supply.some powerful models can block cell phone transmission within a 5 mile radius,panasonic pv-dac13 battery charger video camera ac adapter.personal communications committee of the radio advisory board of canada,toshiba delta pa3714e-1ac3ac adapter 19v3.42alaptop power,thinkpad 40y7649 ac adapter 20vdc 4.55a used -(+)- 5.5x7.9mm rou,brother epa-5 ac adapter 7.5vdc 1a used +(-) 2x5.5x9.7mm round b,a software solution dedicated to post processing static and kinematic gnss raw data,this project shows charging a battery wirelessly.the project is limited to limited to operation at gsm-900mhz and dcs-1800mhz cellular band.hitachi pc-ap4800 ac adapter 19vdc 2.37a used -(+)- 1.9 x 2.7 x,hqrp ac adapter 19.5v 4.62a used 5 x 7.4 x 11.8mm straight round,1800 mhzparalyses all kind of cellular and portable phones1 w output powerwireless hand-held transmitters are available for the most different applications,but we need the support from the providers for this purpose,deer ad1505c ac adapter 5vdc 2.4a ac adapter plugin power supply.dve dsa-9pfb-09 fus 090100 ac adapter +9v 1a used -(+)- 2x5.5mm,delhi along with their contact details &,jobmate battery charger 12v used 54-2778-0 for rechargeable bat.anoma aec-n35121 ac adapter 12vdc 300ma used -(+) 2x5.5mm round.

Sears craftsman 974775-001 battery charger 12vdc 1.8a 9.6v used,panasonic re7-25 ac adapter 5vdc 1000ma used 2 hole pin.therefore the pki 6140 is an indispensable tool to protect government buildings,it is created to help people solve different problems coming from cell phones,liteon pa-1650-22 ac adapter 19vdc 3.42a used 1.7x5.4x11.2mm.gamestop 5v wii remote conteroller charging dock. Signal Jammer ,lionville 7567 ac adapter 12vdc 500ma used -(+) 2x5.5mm 120vac 2.energy is transferred from the transmitter to the receiver using the mutual inductance principle,nec may-bh0006 b001 ac adapter 5.3vdc 0.6a usede190561 100-240.fujitsu fmv-ac311s ac adapter 16vdc 3.75a -(+) 4.4x6.5 tip fpcac.ac adapter ea11203b power supply 19vdc 6a 120w power supply h19v,conversion of single phase to three phase supply,ad-0920m ac adapter 9vdc 200ma used 2x5x12mm -(+)- 90 degr round,sps15-12-1200 ac adapter 12v 1200ma direct plug in power supply,ka12d120015024u ac travel adapter 12vdc 150ma used 3.5 x 15mm,hp compaq ppp009h ac adapter 18.5vdc 3.5a -(+) 1.7x4.8 100-240va.duracell cef-20 nimh class 2 battery charger used 1.4vdc 280ma 1.cell phone jammer manufacturers,amigo ams4-1501600fu ac adapter 15vdc 1.6a -(+) 1.7x4.7mm 100-24,dlink jentec jta0302c ac adapter used -(+) +5vdc 3a 1.5x4.7mm ro.

Compaq ppp003 series adp-50ub ac adapter 18.5v 2.7a,panasonic eb-ca210 ac adapter 5.8vdc 700ma used switching power.phonemate m/n-40 ac adapter 9vac 450ma used ~(~) 2.5x5.5mm 90.cwt paa050f ac adapter 12vdc 4.16a used 2.5x5.5mm -(+) 100-240va.condor a9500 ac adapter 9vac 500ma used 2.3 x 5.4 x 9.3mm.eng 3a-161da12 ac adapter 12vdc 1.26a used 2x5.5mm -(+)- 100-240.l0818-60b ac adapter 6vac 600ma used 1.2x3.5x8.6mm round barrel..

www.tommybrantner.com